KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL: ASSIGNMENT M4 LA1

ASSIGNMENT M4 LA 1

Instructions

As an assignment, you will compare the three news reports by stating the similarities and differences of the three news reports in regard to (1) social functions, (2) text structures, and (3) lexico-grammatical features, based on the analyses you have done previously.

Here are the steps you need to follow:

1. First, focus only on the social functions, then, identify the similarities and differences.
2. Second, focus only on the text structures, then, identify the similarities and differences.
3. Third, focus only on the lexico-grammatical features, then, identify the similarities and differences.
4.  Finally, make a summary to compare the three texts. Then, make your own conclusion about English news reports.

    News Report 1

Aussie man dies while surfing in Lombok mataram: An Australian tourist named Andrew Richard Wiseman has died after drowning while surfing at Tanjung Aan Beach in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Based on reports received by police, the 52-year-old man went surfing alone around 11 a.m. on Sunday, Central Park police Chief Adj. Sr. Comr. Kholilur Rochman said. Andrew was found dead at around 1 p.m. During his time in Lombok, Wiseman was living in a homestay in Kuta village, Pujut district, in Central Lombok. The police questioned two other foreign tourists, Eva, from Germany and John Robert Haton, from Australia, who had seen the incident firsthand. “They were the ones who saw the victim drown. Based on their information, the victim drowned directly below his surfboard,” Kholilur said on Monday. The two tourists, as well as local residents, immediately brought Wiseman back to shore using a boat. Wiseman was given emergency first aid for 25 minutes, but he could not be resuscitated, Kholilur said. Personnel from the Kuta Police came to the location after receiving reports and brought Wiseman’s body to the local health clinic. The victim’s brother, Steven Wiseman, took the body and refused an autopsy. — JP (Taken from Jakarta Post, Tuesday, March 20, 2018, p. 4)

News Report 2 

Fire erupts at illegal oil well in Indonesia 26 April 2018 — 10:26am Jakarta: A fire erupted at an illegal oil well site in Indonesia's northernmost province on Wednesday, killing at least 18 people and injuring about 40 others, some of whom were badly burnt, authorities said. The fire broke out around 1.30am at a backyard well in a village in Aceh province, on the northern tip of Sumatra Island, according to the National Disaster Management Agency. Authorities were still trying to determine what had caused the fire. Local news reports said it may have started with a spark from a blowtorch or a worker smoking a cigarette. Television news footage and photos showed flames rising at least 10 metres into the air in the farming village of Pasir Putih in East Aceh district, which is about 1600 kilometres north-west of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. Villagers had gathered at the well shortly after midnight, carrying buckets, jars and barrels, in hopes of collecting crude oil after being told about a massive spill there, according to the disaster agency. "A group of people came to gather up oil and they weren't supposed to be there," the disaster agency said in a statement. At least five homes were gutted by the fire, the agency said. Firefighters and other emergency personnel, along with villagers, were still trying to contain the blaze on Wednesday evening. Indonesia's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the state-owned oil company Pertamina sent teams to Aceh, which has industrial oil and gas operations, to investigate the incident, said Agung Pribadi, a ministry spokesman. "This is a case of illegal drilling and the ones responsible for it must be dealt with by the law," he said. Agung said the well was being operated by local residents, adding that he was not sure if there were other illegal wells in the area. Lieutenant Colonel Wahyu Kuncoro, chief of the East Aceh district police, told reporters at the scene that firefighters were trying to "break the chain of oxygen" in the well to stop the fire. He confirmed the well operation was illegal, but he said many villagers depended on it for their livelihood. Illegal well operations are common in Indonesian regions where oil is present, including on the islands of Sumatra and Java. In some cases, the wells were abandoned by the Dutch colonial administration that once ruled Indonesia, and are now run by groups of villagers working around the clock. "Oil doesn't come up to the surface easily in these old wells, so they try to pump it up manually, then try to separate the oil by distillation in barrels, and that's where they probably had the fire," said Mangantar Marpaung, former chief of the Indonesian Mining Fire and Rescue Agency. "Then they sell it as kerosene to the local market, or for motorcycles and fishing boats," he said. "Those are their customers. The local governments know, but because they can't provide any other jobs, they look the other way." New York Times https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/fire-erupts-at-illegal-oil-well-in-indonesia-20180426-p4zbq0.html Visited on 26 April 2018, 22:07

News Report 3

Elephant poachers arrested in Malaysia malaysia: Four heavily armed poachers who targetted wild elephants in Malaysia have been caught, officials said Tuesday, the second such arrest in less than two years. Wildlife officials said the gang caught near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak was found with deer antlers and suspected tiger bones. A joint police and wildlife department investigation also led the agents to find an elephant shot dead by the poachers in a nearby forest with its tusks ripped out. “This crew is notorious. They hunt elephants,” wildlife department chief Abdul Kadir Abdul Hashim told AFP. “There are maybe two more [poaching] groups [in the area]. We are working together with the police on this.” A police statement said weapons including rifles and homemade shotguns as well as animal snares were found after they arrested the gang. The elephant’s tusks were not found, with a wildlife official believing that they were already sold. He added that the gang – all locals – were believed to have been operating since 2009, and were also active in the nearby state of Kelantan. The arrests come a year after a seven-man gang was arrested in Kelantan, with explosives, guns and parts of tusks seized.. – AFP (Taken from The Jakarta Post, Thu, March 15, 2018, p.10)

1.      Identification the Similarities and Differences of the Social Functions of News Reports

Similarities and Differences Aspects	News Report 1	News Report 2	News Report 3
Target Readers	1.      Australian tourists in Indonesia 2.   Tourists to Lombok 3.      Surfers 4.      Young people in general 5.      People who care for travel safety	1.      Oil mineral observer 2.      Police 3.      Natural observer 4.      Investor 5.      People who care for the nature 6.      Civil around there	1.      People around the town of Gerik who care for animal 2.      Wildlife officials in charge near the place 3.      government 4.      police
Reporter’s position towards the issue	The reporter has a neutral or objective position towards the event. 1)      Reporting the event by just retelling the information given by the main source, the police. 2)      The police reporting the event as stated by the witnesses 3)      There is no evidence of offensive or emotional expressions used in the news report.	The reporter has a neutral or objective position towards the event. 1) Reporting the event by just retelling the information given by the main source, the authorities. 2) There is no evidence of offensive or emotional expressions used in the news report.	The reporter has a neutral or objective position towards the event. 1) Reporting the event by just retelling the information given by the main source, the officials 2) There is no evidence of offensive or emotional expressions used in the news report.
Social Functions	Differences: The three news reports texts inform the readers about the events, but the target readers are not same. -          The news report 1 focuses on the target readers as for the tourists, surfers, and for those who care for travel safety. -          The news report 2 focuses on the target readers as for oil mineral observer and the government -          The news report 3 has target readers for people around the town of Gerik who care for animal, Wildlife officials and the police who are in charge around the town of Gerik in the nortern Malaysian state of Perak.
	Similarities: The reporters’ position toward the issue in the news are same -          The reporters have neutral or objective position towards the events -          There is no evidence of offensive or emotional expressions used in the news report

2.      Identification the Similarities and Differences of the Text Structure of News Reports

Similarities and Differences Aspects	News Report 1	News Report 2	News Report 3
The Structure of the Headline	Summarizing the event in a telegraphic text 1)      The casualty -          Aussie man 2)      The unfortunate event -          dies 3)      The time and location (an activity) -       while surfing in Lombok	Summarizing the event in a telegraphic text 1)   The unfortunate event -          Fire erupts 2)   The  location (an activity) -          At illegal oil well, Indonesia	Summarizing the event in a telegraphic text 1)      The perpetrators -          Elephant poachers 2)      The important event -          arrested 3)      The country/place -          Malaysia
The Structure of the Newsworthy Event	Summarizing the event: An Australian tourist named Andrew Richard Wiseman died after drowning while surfing at Tanjung Aan Beach in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara.	Summarizing the event: There was a fire which erupted at an illegal oil well site of Pasir Putih Village, East Aceh District, Indonesia on Wednesday at dawn.	Summarizing the event: Four heavily armed elephant poachers were arrested by joint police and wildlife officials in Malaysia.
The Structure of the Events in Details	Elaborating the Newsworthy Event Central Park police Chief Adj. Sr. Comr. Kholilur Rochman said Andrew Richard Wiseman (52) was found dead at around 1 p.m. He went surfing alone around 11 a.m. on Sunday. Based on the information from Eva and John Robert who saw the incident, he drowned below his surfboard. They tried to save him by giving first aid for 25 minutes but he could not be resuscitated. His brother took him and refused an autopsy.	Elaborating the Newsworthy Event Based on information from disaster agency, there were 18 people died, about 40 people injured, and at least five homes were gutted by the fire in the incident. Agung Pribadi, a ministry spokesman told that a team had been sent to investigate the incident. Lieutenant Colonel Wahyu Kuncoro also confirmed that the well operation was illegal. But he said many villagers depended on it for their livelihood.	Elaborating the Newsworthy Event Malaysia’s wildlife officials said that four heavily armed elephant poachers have been caught in near the town of Gerik in the northern Malaysian state of Perak. A police statement said that they got deer antlers, suspected tiger bones, and an elephant shot dead without tusk, weapons including rifles, homemade shotguns, and animal snares with them. This was a second arrest after a seven-man gang was arrested in Kelantan.
.News Agent’s Initials	Closing the news with the news agent’s initials -        the owner of the copy right of the news report          — JP	Closing the news with the news agent’s initials -        the owner of the copy right of the news report       — New York Times	Closing the news with the news agent’s initials -        the owner of the copy right of the news report      — AFP
Text Structure	The three news report above contain newsworthy event by mentioning some important points. And for the events in details: the three news reports elaborate the events by providing the details of the important points, as stated by the sources (authority, officials, witness, police, etc.). The three news reports also provide the initial news agent. It is written below the texts.

3.      Identification the similarities and differences of the lexico-grammatical features of Three News Reports

Similarities and Differences Aspects	News Report 1	News Report 2	News Report 3
The Headline	1)      Bigger and bold fonts stating the newsworthy facts of the event 2)      Telegraphic sentence: leaving out function words. -           Aussie man (telegraphic) = an Aussie man (normal) -           Aussie (shortened name) = Australia (normal) 3)      TheSimple Present Tense for ‘active’ voice -           Aussie man dies while surfing in Lombok (for the normal form “... died / has died ...	1)      Bigger and bold fonts stating the newsworthy facts of the event 2)      Telegraphic sentence: leaving out function words. -     Fire  (telegraphic) = a fire (normal) 3)      The Simple Present Tense for ‘active’ voice -     Fire Erupts at Illegal Oil Well in Indonesia -     (for the normal form “... erupted / has erupted ...)	1)      Bigger and bold fonts stating the newsworthy facts of the event 2)     Telegraphic sentence: leaving out function words. -    Elephant poachers  (telegraphic) = The elephant poachers (normal) 3)   The Simple Past Tense for ‘active’ voice -  Elephant poachers arrested in Malaysia
The Newsworthy Events	A sentence or sentences in the first paragraph containing all important facts about the event: (1) the casualty, (2) the accident, (3) the reason, (4) the time, and (5) the location; the verb in the present perfect tense, and present participle. An Australian tourist named Andrew Richard Wiseman has died after drowning while surfing at Tanjung Aan Beach in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. It starts with the name of the place where the event was covered, in small cap characters:        mataram: ...	A sentence or sentences in the first paragraph containing all important facts about the event: (1) the casualty, (2) the accident, (3) the reason, (4) the time, and (5) the location; the verb in the past simple and Passive Voice.           Jakarta: A fire erupted at an illegal oil well site in Indonesia’s northernmost province onWednesday, killing at least 18 people and injuring about 40 others, some of whom were badlyburnt, authorities said. It starts with the name of the place where the news was reported, in small cap characters:       JAKARTA: ...	A sentence or sentences in the first paragraph containing all important facts about the event: (1) the suspects, (2) the accident, (3) the reason, (4) the time, and the verb in the past simple and Passive Voice. Four heavily armed poachers who targeted wild elephants in Malaysia have been caught, officials said Tuesday, the second such arrest in less than two years.. It starts with the name of the place where the news was reported, in small cap characters: MALAYSIA: ...
The Events in Details	Tenses associated with past events: past tenses (simple past, past progressive, past perfect) and present perfect are used to state the details of the event 2nd paragraph: went, said, was found 3rd paragraph: was living 4th paragraph: questioned, had seen 5th paragraph: were, saw, drowned, said 6th paragraph: brought 7th paragraph: was given, could not be resuscitated, said 8th paragraph: came, brought 9th paragraph: took, refused 1)      The passive voice -          Andrew was found dead at around 1 p.m. ... 2)      Direct quotations to report the events -   “They were the ones who saw the victim drown. Based on their information, the victim drowned directly below his surfboard,” Kholilur said on Monday. 3)      Indirect quotations to report the events -          Based on reports received by police, the 52-year-old man went surfing alone around 11 a.m. on Sunday, Central Park police Chief Adj. Sr. Comr. Kholilur Rochman said. -          Wiseman was given emergency first aid for 25 minutes, but he could not be resuscitated, Kholilur said. -          Based on reports received by police, the 52-year-old man went surfing alone around 11 a.m. on Sunday 4)      Participle (present) to state the circumstances surrounding the event -          …while surfing at Tanjung Aan Beach in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara.... -          … the 52-year-old man went surfing alone around 11 a.m. on Sunday … -          … after receiving reports, … 5)      Participle (past) to modify a thing or person -          An Australian tourist named Andrew Richard Wiseman .... -          Based on reports received by police, … 6)      Adjective clauses to add more information about a person/thing -          ... two other foreign tourists, Eva, from Germany and John Robert Haton, from Australia, who had seen the incident firsthand. 7)      Prepositional phrases to state the circumstances surrounding the events  -          at Tanjung Aan Beach -          in Lombok -          around 11 a.m. -          on Sunday -          during his time in Lombok -          in a home stay -          in Kuta village	1)      Tenses associated with past events: past tenses (simple past, past progressive, past perfect) and present perfect are used to state the details of the event. 2)        2nd paragraph: broke out 3rd paragraph:were still trying, had caused,                         have started 4th paragraph:showed 5th paragraph:had gathered 6th paragraph:brought 7th paragraph: were gutted, were still trying 8th paragraph: sent 9th paragraph: was being operated 10th paragraph: were trying 11st paragraph: were abandoned 1)      The passive voice -          At least five homes were gutted by the fire,. ... 2)      Direct quotations to report the events -          “Oil doesn't come up to the surface easily in these old wells, so they try to pump it up manually, then try to separate the oil by distillation in barrels, and that's where they probably had the fire,"said Mangantar Marpaung, former chief of the Indonesian Mining Fire and Rescue Agency. 3)      Indirect quotations to report the events -          At least five homes were gutted by the fire, the agency said. Firefighters and other emergency personnel, along with villagers, were still trying to contain the blaze on Wednesday evening. -          Agung said the well was being operated by local residents, adding that he was not sure if there were other illegal wells in the area. 4)      Participle (present) to state the circumstances surrounding the event. -          In hopes of collecting crude oil after being told about a massive spill there, 5)      Adjective clauses to add more information about a person/thing. -          Flames rising at least 10 metres into the air in the farming village of Pasir Putih in East Aceh district, which is about 1600 kilometres north-west of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. 6)      Prepositional phrases to state the circumstances surrounding the events  -          at an illegal oil well site -          in Indonesia's northernmost province -          in Aceh province -          about 1600 kilometres north-west of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. -          on Wednesday evening	Tenses associated with past events: past tenses (simple past, past progressive, past perfect) andpresent perfect are used to state the details of the event 2nd paragraph: was found 3rd paragraph: led 4th paragraph: showed 6th paragraph: were found 7th paragraph: were not found, were already                       sold 8th paragraph: were believed The passive voice -          Wildlife officials said the gang caught near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak was found with deer antlers and suspected tiger bones. -          The elephant’s tusks were not found,  Direct quotations to report the events -          “This crew is notorious. They hunt elephants,” wildlife department chief Abdul Kadir Abdul Hashim told AFP. -          “There are maybe two more [poaching] groups [in the area]. We are working together with the police on this.” Indirect quotations to report the events -          Wildlife officials said the gang caught near the town of Gerik in the nothern Malaysian state of Perak was found with deer antlers and suspected tiger bones Participle [present] to state the circumstances surrounding the event -          weapons including rifles and homemade shotguns. Participle (past) to modify nouns -           an elephant shot dead by the poachers    Prepositional phrases to state the circumstances surrounding the events  -          near the town of Gerik -          in a nearby forest -          in the nearby state of Kelantan. -          in Kelantan
Lexico-Grammatical Features	The text 1 and 2 have similarities in deadlines, they use the simple present tenses. But, the text 3 is different. It uses the simple past tense. The three news reports use reported speech for the additional information. For the content, they are similar, they used past tense in the content. We also can find the prepositional phrase and adjective clause in the texts.

4.      Summary of the three news reports

1.      The Social Functions The three news reports texts inform the readers about the events, but the target readers are not same. The news report 1 focuses on the target readers as for the tourists, surfers, and for those who care for travel safety. The news report 2 focuses on the target readers as for oil mineral observer and the government. The news report 3 has target readers for people around the town of Gerik who care for animal, Wildlife officials and the police who are in charge around the town of Gerik in the nortern Malaysian state of Perak. The reporters’ position toward the issue in the news is same. The reporters have neutral or objective position towards the events. There is no evidence of offensive or emotional expressions used in the news report.      2.      The Text Structures The three news reports above contain newsworthy event by mentioning some important points. And for the events in details: the three news reports elaborate the events by providing the details of the important points, as stated by the sources (authority, officials, witness, police, etc.). The three news reports also provide the initial news agent. It is written below the texts.      3.      The Lexico-Grammar Features The text 1 and 2 have similarities in deadlines, they use the simple present tenses. But, the text 3 is different. It uses the simple past tense. The three news reports use reported speech for the additional information. For the content, they are similar; they used past tense in the content. We also can find the prepositional phrase and adjective clause in the texts.